SUBJECT: Science

GRADE: 4th

TECHNOLOGY: Internet

BY: Sara Young

 

Weather Forecasting

 

Grade:  This lesson was created for fourth grade students.

 

Subject:  The students of this class will be at the end of a science unit on weather.  The students will have already studied the main topics associated with weather (temperature, air pressure, fronts, wind, humidity, cloud types, and precipitation).  These topics interact and interrelate to lead to a lesson on weather forecasting.

 

Rationale:  Students see some form of weather every day.  Weather affects what the students wear to school, what activities they do, and how they get from one place to another.  Fourth grade students can see the relevance of weather to their own lives and therefore, weather is a topic that students will be motivated to learn about.  The lesson allows students to apply their knowledge of weather to a new situation.  This lesson involves small group work to enhance cooperation and discussion.  

 

Objectives:

In small groups, the students will locate current weather information of a specified city.

The students will record the specified weather information for a specified city twice a day.

In small groups, the students will make predictions of weather for a specified city using data from the previous five days.

The students will be able to justify their predictions using collected data and weather patterns.

In groups, the students will do a presentation including:

            -current weather trends/conditions for city (consolidate 5 days)

            -forecast for the next day

            -justification for why this is the prediction

 

Materials

computers with internet access

overhead projector

overhead transparencies (blank, teacher made sheets)

overhead pens

daily weather maps from a national newspaper and local paper

disks for the computer (1 per group)

map of the United States with the potential cities marked

weather information we need sheet (sheet 1)

city sheet (sheet 2)

data sheet (sheet 3)

evaluation sheet (sheet 4)

 

 

 

 

Description of Lesson:

Introduction

Big Picture:  Review previous weather concepts with the class.  The class has been studying various aspects of weather (temperature, air pressure, wind, fronts, precipitation).  Throughout the lessons, the students have been aware of change.  The temperature changes; the air pressure changes; the winds change; the weather changes.  Discuss the importance of weather forecasting.

            What is a weather forecast?

            Why is weather forecasting important?

            How is it important to you?

            What information do we need in order to forecast weather?

 

Review

Brainstorm with the entire class on information that we need in order to forecast weather.  Record the students’ responses on the overhead.

            How does this information help us to predict weather?

            For example, what does the wind speed tell us?

 

Go through all of the major weather topics that we have covered (temperature, air pressure, wind speed and direction, fronts, humidity, precipitation, cloud types, jet stream) using these types of questions.  Record responses on the overhead transparency (sheet 1). Ensure that the students understand the relationship between the weather that occurs and these individual components before moving on. 

 

Guided Practice

Discuss the weather forecasts in the paper from the previous week.  Look at the entire map of the United States.  Note how the maps progress from day to day.

 

            What are the major weather patterns for the U.S. for this week?

           

Focus attention on one particular city.

Did the actual weather match the predictions for that day?

  

Record the students observations onto a blank transparency on the overhead.

            What information do you think the meteorologists used to make these

  predictions?

What weather would you predict for tomorrow?  Why?

 

Brainstorming

Divide the students into groups of four.  Have the students decide roles for each member of the group (recorder, reader, facilitator, questioner).  Have a representative from each group draw a name of a city in the United States out of a hat (sheet 2).  Explain to the class the big picture of the lesson:  to do a weather forecast for a particular city with your group.

 

As a whole class, brainstorm methods to acquire current weather information that we discussed earlier (temperature, air pressure, wind, etc.)

            What are some ways to find current information on weather?

 

Record all responses on an overhead transparency.  With the class, revise answers to include only those sources that have current weather data.  If the class does not suggest the computer, internet, or web, suggest it to them. Discuss possible ways to retrieve weather information from the web.  Give each group a disk and explain that they may download daily weather information from the web onto their disk, if they choose to do so.  Make sure that computer lab is available for about 20 minutes.  Allow each group to work together for 15 minutes to discover ways to retrieve this current weather information on the web.  Some sites to be familiar with are:

            www.weather.com

            Yahoo:  weather forecasts

If difficulties arise, have students who found the information explain it to those having difficulty. 

 

Group work

Explain my expectations to the class.  Over a five day period, each group will collect the specified weather information on a particular city.  The groups will record their findings on the data sheet twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.  The data sheet may be modified if the students feel that more information would be helpful (e.g. email students from those cities to look at the clouds, etc.)  Encourage the students to use additional outside resources (people, newspapers, etc.) to acquire information.

 

After 5 days

Using the information that the students have collected, each group will create a forecast for its specified city.  They will indicate:  a high and low temperature, wind direction and speed, possible precipitation and cloud cover.  The students must then be able to justify their forecasts.  As a group, the students will discuss the questions:

Why is this your forecast?  What makes you think that this is what will happen?

 

Presentation

Each group will present the current weather information that they have collected for the week in a concise format, focusing on the major trends.  They will then share their forecast with the class.  They will explain what weather data helped them to develop this prediction.  Each member of the group should participate in the presentation.

 

Evaluation

Throughout the lesson, I am checking for student understanding by questioning them.  The responses to questions will help me to determine if students need more information, examples, or mini-lessons on a particular topic.

While students are working in groups, I will monitor progress and understanding by walking around and observing.  I will question groups to ensure that they understand why they are collecting this information and what it tells them.

I will review the weather data sheet of each group to monitor if the groups are locating and recording appropriate information.  If a group is not recording the appropriate information, I will have a group conference to address these issues and to help them develop some ideas and solutions.

The students will be evaluated using a rubric. 

Due to the large amount of group work in this lesson, the students will be evaluated on most of the components as a group.  The students will estimate their own contributions to the group.  The students will evaluate the contributions of the other group members.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                                                                                                Sheet 3

Weather Data Sheet

 

City:__________________                      State:  ______________  

Group Members

__________________      ___________________   

__________________      ___________________   

 

Day

1

2

3

4

5

Morning

Temperature

 

 

 

 

 

Afternoon

Temperature

 

 

 

 

 

Wind Speed

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wind Direction

 

 

 

 

 

 

Precipitation

 

 

(type & amount)

 

 

 

 

 

Clouds

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Air pressure

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Relative humidity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Front Information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Additional information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rubric for weather forecasting lesson

 

 

Exceeds Expectations

Meets Expectations

Below Expectations

Current Weather Information (10 points)

locates and records current weather for a particular city; uses additional resources to find more information on current conditions (10 points)

locates and records current weather for a particular city (7 points)

Fails to locate or record accurately at least one piece of important weather information

Forecast/Prediction

(10 points)

includes well thought out, clearly stated, logical prediction of high and low temperatures, wind speed and direction, precipitation, and clouds (10 points)

includes a logical prediction of high and low temperatures, wind speed and direction, precipitation, and clouds (7 points)

Fails to include predictions on one or more components (temperature, wind, precipitation, clouds)

Justification (10 points)

clearly illustrates how all of the individual pieces of weather combine to influence the prediction; concise, logical, well thought out (10 pts)

illustrates how most (3) individual pieces of weather affect the day’s forecast (7 pts)

fails to indicate a relationship between individual components and the day’s forecast

Presentation (5 points)

all group members participate; forecast is stated clearly and justification is clearly explained and logical; group members are able to answer questions on reasoning

(5 points)

all group members participate; forecast and justification are explained clearly to class (4 points)

all group members do not participate; prediction and justification are not stated clearly

 

 

Grade             Points

A          =          30-35

B         =          25-29

C         =          20-24

D         =          15-19

F          =          18 or below

 

                                                                                                                                               Sheet 1

 

Weather information we need

What it tells us

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                                                                                               Sheet 2

Cut up in strips so students can draw a city out of a hat.

San Francisco

Denver

Chicago

Boston

Atlanta

Albuquerque

Tampa

New York

New Orleans